Common Procedures and Surgeries of the Hip
Femur Fracture Fixation with Dynamic Hip Screw
Trochanteric proximal femur fractures are very common and the incidence is increasing with the aging of the population. The average age of the patient with trochanteric fracture is greater than for femoral neck fracture, as are the problems of osteoporosis. The classic treatment of trochanteric proximal femur fracture is internal fixation with a hip screw and side plate.
High union rates have been reported with current techniques of treatment, which are generally perceived to be effective. Settling at the fracture site has been considered acceptable and the positive impact on fracture healing has been emphasized. Under closer scrutiny of functional results, recent reports have indicated that many patients do survive and their fractures heal, but they are not able to return to their pre-injury ambulatory status or function.
High union rates have been reported with current techniques of treatment, which are generally perceived to be effective. Settling at the fracture site has been considered acceptable and the positive impact on fracture healing has been emphasized. Under closer scrutiny of functional results, recent reports have indicated that many patients do survive and their fractures heal, but they are not able to return to their pre-injury ambulatory status or function.
Femur Fracture Fixation with intramedullary Rod
The thighbone is like a tube, with a soft center surrounded by hard (cortical) bone. During a surgical procedure, a special rod (intramedullary nail) is inserted into the thighbone. The insertion may be near the hip or just above the knee. The rod extends into the middle of the bone and across the fracture site. It is locked in place with screws that pass through the bone and across the rod. This enables early movement and good stabilization of the fracture. After the fracture heals, the nail is removed.
Hip Fracture Treatment with Surgical Screws
Hip fractures most commonly occur from a fall or from a direct blow to the side of the hip. Some medical conditions such as osteoporosis, cancer, or stress injuries can weaken the bone and make the hip more susceptible to breaking. In severe cases, it is possible for the hip to break with the patient merely standing on the leg and twisting.
Internal Screw Fixation for slipped Capital Femoral Epiphsis (SCFE)
When treated early and without complications, patients with slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) can look forward to good hip function well into adulthood. Now you can be ready to identify and manage this challenging disorder.
Total Hip Replacement
If your hip has been damaged by arthritis, a fracture or other conditions, common activities such as walking or getting in and out of a chair may be painful and difficult. Your hip may be stiff and it may be hard to put on your shoes and socks. You may even feel uncomfortable while resting.
If medications, changes in your everyday activities, and the use of walking aids such as a cane are not helpful, you may want to consider hip replacement surgery. By replacing your diseased hip joint with an artificial joint, hip replacement surgery can relieve your pain, increase motion, and help you get back to enjoying normal, everyday activities.
First performed in 1960, hip replacement surgery is one of the most important surgical advances of the last century. Since 1960, improvements in joint replacement surgical techniques and technology have greatly increased the effectiveness of total hip replacement. Today, more than 193,000 total hip replacements are performed each year in the United States
Types:
If medications, changes in your everyday activities, and the use of walking aids such as a cane are not helpful, you may want to consider hip replacement surgery. By replacing your diseased hip joint with an artificial joint, hip replacement surgery can relieve your pain, increase motion, and help you get back to enjoying normal, everyday activities.
First performed in 1960, hip replacement surgery is one of the most important surgical advances of the last century. Since 1960, improvements in joint replacement surgical techniques and technology have greatly increased the effectiveness of total hip replacement. Today, more than 193,000 total hip replacements are performed each year in the United States
Types:
- Total Hip Replacement (Ceramic on Ceramic)
- Total Hip Replacement (Metal on metal with liner)
Common Procedures of the Knee
ACL Reconstruction
The definition of an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) failure is symptomatic instability, pain, extensor dysfunction, and arthrofibrosis following a surgical reconstruction. Although this is an oversimplification, and despite many ACL failures falling into one of these categories, there is still no universally accepted definition of unsatisfactory outcome following ACL reconstruction.
Arthroscopic Chondroplasty
Cartilage Repair
Cartilage has limited repair capabilities: Because chondrocytes are bound in lacunae, they cannot migrate to damaged areas. Therefore if damaged, it is difficult to heal. Also, because hyaline cartilage does not have a blood supply, the deposition of new matrix is slow. Damaged hyaline cartilage is usually replaced by fibrocartilage scar tissue. Over the last years, surgeons and scientists have elaborated a series of cartilage repair procedures that help to postpone the need for joint replacement.
Joint Arthroscopy
Arthroscopy is a common surgical procedure in which a joint (arthro-) is viewed (-scopy) using a small camera. Arthroscopy gives doctors a clear view of the inside of the knee. This helps them diagnose and treat knee problems.
Technical advances have led to high definition monitors and high resolution cameras. These and other improvements have made arthroscopy a very effective tool for treating knee problems. According to the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine, more than 4 million knee arthroscopies are performed worldwide each year.
Technical advances have led to high definition monitors and high resolution cameras. These and other improvements have made arthroscopy a very effective tool for treating knee problems. According to the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine, more than 4 million knee arthroscopies are performed worldwide each year.
Lateral Release and Medical Imbrication
Loose Body Removal (Knee)
A procedure that removes loose tissues that float around the knee joint and cause pain, swelling and locking.
Loose bodies of the knee can consist of a piece of torn cartilage or a bone fragment. These are typically removed arthroscopically, with a small camera to aid the surgeon. Once the loose bodies in the knee are located, the surgeon will use an instrument called a "grasper" to retrieve and remove floating tissue.
Loose bodies of the knee can consist of a piece of torn cartilage or a bone fragment. These are typically removed arthroscopically, with a small camera to aid the surgeon. Once the loose bodies in the knee are located, the surgeon will use an instrument called a "grasper" to retrieve and remove floating tissue.
Meniscus Repair
A meniscal tear is any break in the continuity of the surface of the medial or lateral meniscus. Meniscal tears may occur in isolation or in association with a ligament injury or fracture. The mechanism of injury usually involves a twisting maneuver or a rapid change in direction on a weight-bearing knee. Degenerative tears may occur from activities of daily living. The diagnosis can be made through a careful patient history, physical examination, and plain radiography. If necessary, an MR image can be obtained. Arthroscopy is the accepted standard for diagnosis of meniscal pathology. Management includes nonsurgical and surgical treatment options; these include: observation, trephination, meniscectomy, meniscal repair, meniscal allograft transplantation, or meniscal replacement with collagen scaffold.
Microfracture Drilling Procedure for Isolated Chondral Defect
This surgery repairs damaged cartilage in the knee joint. The patient is sedated and small holes are drilled in the patella. An Ortho camera is then inserted to allow the doctor to see during the procedure. The joint is then examined and loose cartilage is removed.
Partial Meniscectomy
A tear of a meniscus is a rupturing of one or more of the fibrocartilage strips in the knee called menisci. When doctors and patients refer to "torn cartilage" in the knee, they actually may be referring to an injury to a meniscus at the top of one of the tibiae.
The meniscus has fewer vessels and blood flow towards the unattached, thin interior edge. In the majority of cases, the tear is far away from the meniscus' blood supply, and a repair is unlikely to heal. In these cases arthroscopic surgery allows for a partial meniscectomy, removing the torn tissue and allowing the knee to function with some of the meniscus missing.
The meniscus has fewer vessels and blood flow towards the unattached, thin interior edge. In the majority of cases, the tear is far away from the meniscus' blood supply, and a repair is unlikely to heal. In these cases arthroscopic surgery allows for a partial meniscectomy, removing the torn tissue and allowing the knee to function with some of the meniscus missing.
Revision Knee Surgery
A procedure in which the surgeon removes a previously implanted artificial knee joint, or prosthesis, and replaces it with a new prosthesis. Knee revision surgery may also involve the use of bone grafts. The bone graft may be an autograft, which means that the bone is taken from another site in the patient's own body; or an allograft, which means that the bone tissue comes from another donor.
Total Knee Replacement
If your knee is severely damaged by arthritis or injury, it may be hard for you to perform simple activities such as walking or climbing stairs. You may even begin to feel pain while you are sitting or lying down.
If medications, changing your activity level, and using walking supports are no longer helpful, you may want to consider total knee replacement surgery. By resurfacing the damaged and worn surfaces of the knee can relieve pain, correct leg deformity and help resume normal activities.
One of the most important orthopaedic surgical advances of the twentieth century, knee replacement was first performed in 1968. Improvements in surgical materials and techniques since then have greatly increased its effectiveness. Approximately 581,000 knee replacements are performed each year in the United States.
If medications, changing your activity level, and using walking supports are no longer helpful, you may want to consider total knee replacement surgery. By resurfacing the damaged and worn surfaces of the knee can relieve pain, correct leg deformity and help resume normal activities.
One of the most important orthopaedic surgical advances of the twentieth century, knee replacement was first performed in 1968. Improvements in surgical materials and techniques since then have greatly increased its effectiveness. Approximately 581,000 knee replacements are performed each year in the United States.
Visco-Supplementation of Arthritis of the Knee
Visco-supplementation involves injecting substances into the joint to improve the quality of the joint fluid. Complete coverage of this technique can be found in the article titled "Viscosupplementation Treatment for Arthritis."
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Fort Sanders Regional
Newland Professional Building 2001 Laurel Avenue, Suite 402 Knoxville, TN 37916 Turkey Creek Medical Center 10820 Parkside Drive, Suite G11 Knoxville, TN 37923 Tennova South 7323 Chapman Highway, Suite 100C Knoxville, TN 37920 |
